|
Diabetes Medication Article
This table lists oral antidiabetes medications, their manufacturers, approval dates, and information about how to take the medication.
| Category | Action | Generic Name | Brand Name | Manufacturer |
Approval Date |
Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Sulfonylurea |
Stimulates beta cells to release more insulin |
Chlorpropamide |
Diabinese |
Pfizer |
10/58 |
Generally taken one to two times daily, before meals; can have interactions with other drugs. First generation sulfonylurea (older drug) |
|
Glipizide |
Glucotrol |
Pfizer |
5/84 |
Second generation used in smaller doses than first generation |
||
|
Glyburide |
DiaBeta/ Micronase/Glynase |
Aventis, Pharmacia and Upjohn |
5/84 |
|||
|
Glimepiride |
Amaryl |
Aventis | 11/95 | |||
|
Meglitinide |
Works with similar action to sulfonylureas |
Repaglinide |
Prandin |
Novo Nordisk |
12/97 |
Taken before each of three meals |
|
Nateglinide |
Works with similar action to sulfonylureas |
Nateglinide |
Starlix |
Novartis |
12/00 |
Taken before each of three meals |
|
Biguanide |
Sensitizes the body to the insulin already present |
Metformin |
Glucophage |
Bristol Myers Squibb |
3/95 |
Taken two times daily with food for best results |
|
Metformin (long lasting) |
Glucophage XR |
Bristol Myers Squibb |
10/00 |
|||
|
Metformin with glyburide |
Glucovance |
Bristol Myers Squibb | 7/00 | |||
|
Thiazolidinedione (Glitazone) |
Helps insulin work better in muscle and fat; lowers insulin resistance |
Rosiglitazone |
Avandia |
SmithKline Beecham (now GlaxoSmithKline) |
5/99 |
Taken once or twice daily with food; very rare but serious effect on liver |
|
Pioglitazone |
Actos |
Takeda Pharmaceuticals |
7/99 |
|||
|
Alpha-Glucose Inhibitor |
Slows or blocks the breakdown of starches and certain sugars; action slows the rise in blood sugar levels following a meal |
Acarbose |
Precose |
Bayer |
9/95 |
Should be taken with first bite of meal |
|
Miglitol |
Glyset |
Pharmacia and Upjohn |
12/96 |